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Perfume Trends: Perfume’s Return To Power In A Post-Lockdown World

PERFUME TREND MAGNOLIA FLOWERS

As we remain confined to our homes for weeks on end, we are beginning to yearn for the natural freedom to go outside and to make an appearance in society. On those rare occasions that we do venture outside many of us will have our faces covered. How will this new world affect perfume trends?  How will we use fragrances? How will perfume brands be able to tackle these issues ?

While makeup or even our faces may no longer allow us to express our personality or emotions, perhaps our best alternative comes in the form of perfume. To overcome any garments we may be wearing as a precaution after the lockdown, perfumeries will look to experiment with different perfume strengths and intensities.

In this article we will explore how perfume brands can take advantage of this and provide us with new innovative ways of presenting ourselves to society.

PERFUME TREND PINK FLOWERS ON LILIPADS

What role will perfume have and how will perfume trends change we move forward post-lockdown?

Once before, perfumes were a trigger to sparking desires and curiosity in others where we could explore ourselves, our overall wellbeing and even ourselves. In a post-lockdown world perfume can return to being a means to enhance our emotions.

PERFUME TREND FLOWERS IN A MEADOW

How can perfume brands move away from simply offering a “standardisation of fragrances?

Fragrances naturally have their own strengths and virtues that can influence our overall wellbeing and how we feel physically and mentally. If perfumes contain fragrances that have the allow us to express ourselves the way nature intended, the soothing and energizing effects on our mood would be irrefutable.

Memories of reassurance and intimacy can be invoked through particular vibrations that are generated from different aromas. During the development of new perfume, the creative strategy must be focused on the fragrance at its heart.

It is also likely that boutique perfumes or niche perfume will becomes more available to the consumer.

PERFUME TREND BLUE FLOWER SHRUB

How can a fragrance stand out without having to be bespoke ?

The characteristics that lead to a perfume becoming unique are as distinctive as they are numerous. The best perfumes contain essences with a variety and a range of powers.

They can invoke regressive nostalgia and intimacy or they can portray astonishing radiance.

The problem perfume brands face is proposing signature and ‘true’ perfumes by following their creative intuition rather than solely depending on industry trends.

PERFUME TREND WHITE PINK ROSE

In the art of perfumery, the trick is to experiment with combinations such as floral bouquets and over-dosing ingredients; all the while, ensuring that beautiful materials are chosen.

When it comes to perfume it is advisable to focus your attention on fragrances that resemble nature while still remaining addictive and reassuring.

Rather than simply using aromas to aid their packaging and branding, the best fragrance houses have their perfumes at the heart of the business model.

PERFUME TREND BUTTERFLY ON LAVENDER FLOWER

How can perfume brands ensure their fragrances stand out while consumer behaviour and perfume trends are changing ?

Since the lockdown, the fact that perfume bouquets reveal emotions and reflect personality has become much more apparent to the consumer.

It is likely that perfume brands will include exclusive and original perfumes within their collections and invite the consumer to experiment with doses to explore the effects that new spices have on themselves and those around them.

PERFUME TREND CLOSE PINK FLOWER

It is very possible that many perfumery houses will create hybrids between their existing ranges of perfumes and other aromatic ingredients such a soliflore essence, perhaps even several notes.

The consumer has become much more sensitive to fragrance since they have been confined during the lockdown.

Therefore, there is a need for fragrance houses to rediscover their love and passion for perfuming.

PERFUME TREND YELLOW AND PINK ROSE FLOWER

Perfume brands will also need to look at other factors such as our activity, times we are outside and our relationships with others as well as ourselves.

One such example to consider would be that fragrances become much more powerful through movement. How much we move will depend on the potency required from the applied perfume.

PERFUME TREND LAVENDER FLOWER IN A SACK

The Perfume industry will change forever but what will remain the same for perfume brands ?

One part of the business which perfumery houses may change will be the packaging. They will become much more responsible and document their own unique convictions, generosity and even history on bottles and packaging.

But while many things will change, core principles such as the commitment to sustainability and transparency will continue.

For niche perfume by Pairfum London we invite you to visit our online perfume boutique.

Magnificent Magnolias Fragrance Windsor Park

Magnificent Magnolias Blooming in Windsor Great Park!

Perfumery Magnificent Magnolias Windsor Park

Magnificent Magnolias blooming in Great Windsor Park in Spring offer a spectacular sight.

The Valley Gardens, together with The Savill Garden, provide a home to a National Collection of Magnolia trees. Here are some examples:

  • On leaving the Savill building, visitors are welcomed to a fantastic show by a mature Magnolia loebneri ‘Merrill’, covered in ice-white flowers.
  • In a far corner of the garden, close to the summer house, is a Magnolia sprengeri ‘Eric Savill’, with large, bold pink flowers.
  • The Valley Gardens features a glorious collection of rhododendrons, azaleas, camellias and magnolias, best viewed in the spring from the top of the valley, with views down to Virginia Water.

Perfume Magnificent Magnolias Windsor Park

About Magnolia

The magnolia family can count approx 200 species mainly found in two regions:

  • Asia, and
  • the Americas.

The Magnolia tree was named after Pierre Magnol, the French botanist behind the current nomenclature of botanical classification.

Magnificent Magnolias are significant flowers in Chinese and Japanese culture, and has been cultivated for centuries.

The ‘Magnolia Virginiana’ species (from Virginia) was the first Magnolia to be introduced into Europe. In 1687, it was sent across John Banister, an English missionary and naturalist, to Henry Compton, English bishop and a passionate gardener.

Shortly afterwards, Europe was introduced to Chinese Magnolias (Magnolia Denudata and Liliflora).

In the middle of the nineteenth century, the beautiful Star Magnolia (Stellata) from Japan was planted in Europe.

The “queen of Magnolias”, the pink Magnolia Campbellii from the Himalaya, was discovered at the beginning of the last century.

It is believed that Magnolia is one of the oldest plants, the Dinosaurs probably saw Magnolias blooming.

Magnificent Magnolias Windsor Park Fragrance Ingredient

Magnificent Magnolias in Perfumery

Magnolia flowers (Magnolia Grandiflora) frequently have a fragrance. Their perfume is fresh, floral and creamy sweet with hints of waxy citrus.

Magnolia is a popular ingredient in floral perfume accords and there have been notable fragrances where Magnolia is the main floral ingredient.

Here are some of these fragrances that focus on Magnolia and its various olfactive facettes:

  • Magnolia Rosae (Lancome, Female, 2019): Magnolia, Rose, Musk
  • Spendia Magnolia Sensuel (Bulgari, Female, 2018): Magnolia, Orange Blossom & Jasmine, Tangerine, Musk
  • Song of America Magnolia (Ralph Lauren, Unisex, 2016): Floral Chypre with Magnolia, Lemon, Patchouli
  • Magnolia Nobile (Acqua die Parma, Female, 2009): Magnolia, Lemon, Jasmin, Bergamot, Vetiver
  • Eau de Fleur de Magnolia (Kenzo, Female, 2008): Magnolia, Citrus
  • Miracle (Lancome, Female, 2000): Oriental, Magnolia, Litchi, Pepper, Musk
  • Magnolia (Yves Rocher, Female, 1983): Magnolia, Lily, Gardenia, Tuberose, Jasmin, Oakmoss
  • Magnolia (Yardley, Female, 1970): Magnolia, Hyacinth, Lily

When reviewing these notes, you will notice one commonality in that they interpret the freshness of Magnolia in different ways: some use the freshness of white flowers, others incorporate citrus and again others use fruity nuances.

Here at Pairfum London we have built our fragrance “Magnlias in Bloom” around the white flowers of Magnolia, Lily and Geranium with the sweet freshness typical of Magnolia Grandiflora coming from the more modern notes of ozone and watermelon, rather than citrus. “Magnolias in Bloom” is available in our online boutique in many different Home Fragrance products (candles, diffusers, sprays, …).

Photo Gallery: Magnolia in Windsor Park

Pairfum London Coronavirus Prevention Hands Wash Bubbles Cleaning Rinse

Coronavirus Prevention: Top Tips to be more Effective!

Is Alcohol effective against certain virus, i.e. is it suitable for Coronavirus Prevention ?

While governments across the world and society in general are struggling to understand Covid-19 / Coronavirus, and how to limit its spread, sales of hand disinfectant gels have increased in the UK.

Some supermarkets have already sold out or are running very low in stock.

Pairfum London Coronavirus Prevention Woman Cough Tissue

 

Is hand-gel really effective against Covid-19 ( Coronavirus ) and if it is, what makes it so effective?

According to a study by the USDA, over 90% of us don’t wash our hands correctly leading to cross-contamination.

A person’s hands are one of the main causes of transferring viruses from surfaces to their respiratory system.

Insuring that you wash them correctly and often, is one way of preventing you from contracting or spreading a virus, i.e. Coronavirus Prevention.

Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and clean running water for at least 20 seconds. If that is not possible, then using an alcohol-based hand sanitiser is an excellent alternative.

However it is very important to understand that these hand sanatising products must contain at least 60% alcohol.

Both the N.H.S. and Public Health England agree that products containing more than 60% alcohol are most effective at killing microbes.

The fact is that alcohol doesn’t kill some viruses and Professor Sally Bloomfield from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine has said that viruses are much more resistant to disinfectants than bacteria.

Viruses, such as the norovirus or rhinovirus are not enveloped, which means they are not surrounded by a shell.

However, the good news about Covid-19 / coronavirus (and there is precious little good news about it so far) is that Professor Bloomfield has said that Covid-19 is an envelope virus, meaning it has a coating around it, which the alcohol can attack.

Pairfum London Coronavirus Prevention Microscope Research Antidote

With the stock of hand disinfectant gels running low or sold out, and with reports of unscrupulous people selling products on certain websites for many times their original price, it is tempting to think that you could make your own.

This however is not the wisest, safest or best solution, as it is difficult to insure that you have the correct formulation. If made incorrectly they could cause more harm than good.

Products made by reputable manufacturers also contain emollients that soften and protect the skin without the risk of injury to the hands.

On some wellness sites it has been suggested to use alternatives to make your own gels containing certain ingredients such as aleo vera or witch hazel, however as we have mentioned earlier – it is the alcohol and the percentage of alcohol in the products that attacks the virus.

If you are seeking an alternative to alcohol another strong antibacterial agent that is used in certain soaps, cosmetics and toothpaste is called Triclosan. However we would not recommend this as research has now shown that triclosan can damage the body’s endocrine system, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration banned its use in hygiene products at the end of 2017, no such ban exists in the U.K. as yet however…..

As it is still unknown how Covid-19 is spread and according to the latest update from the N.H.S. the most lightly transference is from person to person through coughing or sneezing and is unlikely to pass through items, such as packaging or food.

Having said that it is better to avoid touching things that you do not need to touch, however in our everyday lives we need to open doors, sit on seats and handle other objects as part of our daily routines.

As this is unavoidable, then the safest thing to do is avoid touching your face, mouth, nose, eyes or any wounds you may have before thoroughly washing your hands in clean running water for more than 20 seconds using soap in both solid or liquid form and then drying them with a clean disposable towel – a 2012 study by the Mayo Clinic showed that from a hygienic point of view: “Paper towels are better than air dryers”.

If you find yourself in a situation where you are unable to wash your hands, then using a sanatising hand gel with over 60% alcohol content is an excellent alternative. Once you have an opportunity you should then wash your hands thoroughly with clean running water and soap.

One report has shown that adults get between four to six colds every year and children pick up six to eight. The author of the report pointed out that hand washing and good general hygiene could stop the spread of these viruses….

When over 90% of us do not wash our hands correctly, and by doing so we can prevent the spread of viruses. Then it really is a case of ‘Wash, Rinse & Repeat’

Is Coronavirus Prevention possible? what part can we play in the prevention or spread of Covid-19?

The Department of Health and the N.H.S. are advising that we should all wash our hands thoroughly and correctly, as one of the main preventative measures.

So then suggesting that we should all take note and wash our hands as thoroughly as medical professionals preparing for surgery – the following instructions on how to wash your hands correctly ‘IS NOT’ really a case of stating the obvious!

  1. Thoroughly wet your hands with clean running tap water, both hot and cold is fine.
  2. Apply soap and lather your hands well paying special attention to the area in between your fingers and the backs of your hands, and do not forget to clean under your nails.
  3. Spend at least 20 seconds actively scrubbing your hands after lathering them completely. (If you are unsure how long 20 seconds is then one suggestion by the America CDC is to sing ‘Happy Birthday’ to yourself in your head – or out loud if you feel like it)
  4. Then thoroughly rinse off all the soap from your hands under clean running water.
  5. Finally use a clean and if possible a disposable towel to dry your hands and if this is not available then simply air dry them (if you are wondering what we mean by air drying them – then remember what Cameo said “Wave your hands in the air like you don’t care”

As the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine has said “It’s not for the NHS to manage COVID19 primarily, it’s for all of us to help manage it.”

As professor John Edmunds told  Channel4News that if we all follow @PHE_uk advice properly in the coming weeks & months the epidemic should slow down.

At this time of uncertainty, we recommend taking these few simple precautions to help Coronavirus Prevention. By doing so we can all help keep ourselves and others safe.

Infographic Pairfum London Coronavirus Prevention Home Wash Tissue Disinfect

What Is The Scent Of Daffodils Great Windsor Park Uk

Do Daffodils have a Fragrance ?

Fragrance Of Daffodils Windsor Great Park

About Daffodils

Daffodils are considered one of the heralds of spring.

Their common name is Daffodil and their Latin, botanical name Narcissus. They are a bulb that is part of the amaryllis family, Amaryllidaceae.

Planted between September and October the previous year, the bulb develops roots before the beautiful yellow and white flowers burst out the following spring from February to early May. They can be found in borders, containers but also parks and by the roadside.

Their typical height and spread are 5cm (2in) to 50cm (20in). They prefer sun or light shade and are an easy to grow bulb. The plant is very resistant and most sorts survive cold winters to flower for many years.

The flowers are either yellow or white, trumpet or star-shaped and grow on a long stalk with green leaves. In all, there are about 26 wild varieties but many hundreds of cultivated versions.

Mainly based on their flower form, Daffodils are categorised into 13 groups, mainly based on the form of their flower:

  • Trumpet: flowers with cups (the corona) that are longer than their petals
  • Large-cupped: with large cups but the corona is not longer than their perianth segments
  • Small-cupped: the flowers have small cups, much shorter than their petals
  • Double: double blooms, with a ruffled appearance, but no clear distinction between petals and cup
  • Triandrus: small-flowered daffodils with pendent blooms, up to five, which naturalise well in grass
  • Cyclamineus: small flowers with petals sweeping back from the cup (i.e. reflexed perianth). These are an early flowering species and naturalise well in grass
  • Jonquilla and Apodanthus: These are the fragrant varieties and they display up to five small flowers per stem
  • Tazetta: another fragrant variety with up to 20 small flowers per stem, with sadly some only half hardy
  • Poeticus: another variety that can be naturalised in grass. They have small cups with a contrasting colours to their large white petals
  • Bulbocodium: in this variety the cups are much larger than the petals and they are short, with delicate, rush-like leaves. They naturalise well in grass.
  • Split-corona (Collar or Papillon): they look like orchids, with a cup split into segments. In the papillon type (typically with a whorl split into six segments) the face appears flatter and more open.
  • Species daffodils (including wild narcissi): these small species grow well in rock gardens and pots
  • Miscellaneous: daffodils that do not fit any of the above groups

Do Daffodils Have A Fragrance Windsor Park

History of Daffodils

Daffodils originate from Southern Europe and North Africa, but some varieties can be found in Asia and China. Some claim that narcissus originated from Persia and was brought to China in the 8th century by travelling traders along the Silk Route.

The flower is  linked to the Greek myth of Narcissus, who became so obsessed with his own reflection, that he knelt down to gaze into a pool of water. Sadly, he toppled into the water and drowned. The Narcissus plant sprang from where he died.

The name probably has its origin in the Greek word of ‘narke’, which became ‘narce’ under the Romans, meaning ‘numb’ and is a reference to its narcotic effect.

For more than a thousand years, Narcissus oil has been used for many different purposes, in both ancient Rome and the middle East:

  • Narcissinum was the name the Romans gave the fragrance they created using narcissus unguent.
  • In Arabia it was used in perfumery but also to cure baldness
  • In India, the oil of the narcissus (as well as fragrant oils of sandal, jasmine, and rose), is utilised during ritual cleaning before attending prayers.
  • The French used it as a scent in early cosmetics (powders, soaps and lipsticks) but they also treated epilepsy and hysteria with it
  • In China narcissus is associated with good fortune and gain. Even today, narcissus remains as a symbol of awakening and hope.

Scent Of Daffodils Windsor Great Park

Narcissus Oil

The oil was historically extracted through a technique called ‘enfleurage’, whereby the individual petals are placed on plate of lard. The fat draws the oil from the petal and after a few days the petals are replaced by fresh ones. This is repeated until the lard is saturated with oil. At this stage it is called the ‘pomade’. The pomade is then filtered and distilled to produce the oil.

Nowadays, the oil is typically extracted using volatile solvents. About 500 kg of flowers are required to produce 1 kilogram of concrete or 300 g of absolute. ‘Concrete’ and ‘Absolute’ refer to different stages of refinement of the natural extract. It explains, however, why natural narcissus oil is so precious and expensive.

Today, the major quantities of natural narcissus essential oil are produced in the Netherlands and in France.

The main varieties used for oil extraction are Narcissus poeticus, Narcissus tazetta and Narcissus jonquill.

Fragrant Varieties

Have you tried smelling a Daffodil or wondered what this wonderful member of the Narcissus family smells like?

Most hybrid and over-bred bulbs you find in some Garden Centres today (and there are several hundred cultivated varieties) will not produce a fragrance and yet there are many wild daffodil varieties (around 26) that are marvelously fragrant. This means in turn there are many different scents and yet the typical olfactive profile associated with Narcissus reads as follows:

heady floral with sweet and green nuances.

The scent of narcissus oil is strong and rich. It reminiscent of dark green leaves with traces of hyacinth and jasmine.

We have also been able to smell some varieties that were ‘spicy’ and others with ‘musky’ or ‘vanillic’ tonalities.

Narcissus would generally be classified as a ‘green-floral’, together with hyacinth and lily of the valley.

Perfume Of Daffodils Windsor Great Park

Daddodil Fields in Great Windsor Park

If you would like to experience the joys of spring, feast your eyes on an acres of daffodils in the wind and actually smell some beautiful daffodils, then head over to ‘Great Windsor Park’ (near Windsor).

The fields of yellow you will enjoy, perfectly illustrate this poem by William Wordsworth:

I wandered lonely as a cloud
That floats on high o’er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host of dancing daffodils
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze

 

 

Daffodils in Home Fragrance

Here at PAIRFUM we don’t have a true Daffodil fragrance but our ‘Trail of White Petals’ contains Daffodil oil and this floral perfume has the sweet and green nuances typically associated with Narcissus. Trail of White Petals is available in perfumed candles, natural reed diffusers, perfume room sprays and many other products.

Bring the scent of spring into your home with Daffodils !

There is nothing more enjoyable than a PAIRFUM Flowerwax Candle or Reed Diffuser in ‘Trail of White Petals’, spreading the scent of spring in your home.

 

Daffodils & Narcissus in Perfumery

Here in the gallery below you can see a few perfumes where the narcissus plays a prominent role in the fragrance accord.

You will notice that we have included both classical fragrances, e.g. Nacisse Noir by Caron for women, and also modern interpretations, e.g. Eau de Narcisse Bleu by Hermès, for both women and men.

Summary

As you can see ‘Daffodils’ or ‘Narcissus’ are quite clearly fragranced and they play a prominent role in perfumery.

Sadly, through breeding many varieties we see today have lost their scent.

Should you be passing Windsor Great Park in the UK in Spring, we invite you to visit the fields full of Daffodils. It is a feast not just for your eyes but also your nose.

Windsor Great Park Daffodils Fragrance Petal Spring

Christmas Has Arrived Advent Calendar

Christmas Has Arrived On The Advent Calendar

Advent Has Arrived Christmas Calendar

Today the last door of the Christmas / Advent Calendar was opened.

Kids will leave you in no doubt:

Christmas Has Arrived!

Is everybody familiar with the Christmas or Advent Calendar?

No, then read on to find out more.

Has Arrived Advent Christmas Calendar

The Advent Calendar

The Advent Calendar is a Germany tradition, first used by the Lutherans / Protestants in the 19th century.

It is a unique calendar used to count down the days to Christmas, with the last day on the calendar being the 24th of December.

Typically, it has 24 different doors / gates / pockets / etc with each pocket revealing a little gift for the day.

The 24th of December reveals a special present.

The types of presents range from chocolates, little toys to trinkets, there is no limit to the possibilities.

The calendar can be ‘home made’ by the parents or bought readily and full of chocolates.

Kids (and Adults) of all sizes and ages look forward to receiving their Christmas Calendar and with it the first of their

Christmas Gifts.

Merry Christmas from all here at Pairfum London.

Merry Christmas Gift Pairfum London Perfume Champagne Sparkling

 

 

 

Fragrance Christmas 3rd Advent Calendar Candle

Sunday was the 3rd of Advent

Christmas 3rd of Advent Calendar Candle Perfume

This past Sunday was the 3rd of Advent, Gaudete Sunday, also called ‘Rose Sunday’.

“Why Rose Sunday?” you may ask, … read on to find out.

Each Sunday during the Advent highlights one of the 4 virtues of Jesus Christ:

Hope – 1st of Advent

Love – 2nd of Advent

Joy – 3rd of Advent / Gaudette Sunday

Peace – Christmas Eve/Day

 

Christmas 3rd of Advent Calendar Candle Scented

Guadete Sunday

Gaudete Sunday is the third Sunday of Advent in the liturgical calendar of the Western Churches, including the Roman Catholic Church, the Anglican Church, Lutheran and other mainline Protestant Churches.

On Gaudete Sunday rose-coloured vestments may be worn instead of violet or deep blue, which are otherwise used for every day in the season of Advent.

Hence, Gaudete Sunday was also known as “Rose Sunday”.

If you would enjoy a ‘Rose’ perfume in your home during this week, we can highly recommend our perfume “Blush Rose & Amber”.

Here is the fragrance description:

“A top note of precious Iris,

leads into a sensuous, intensely feminine floral bouquet of Regal Rose in harmony with Jasmine, Lily of the Valley and Freesia,

supported by a deep and warm fond of Crystal Amber, Musk and Rich Woods.”

Our Snow Crystal Candles in “Blush Rose & Amber” are perfect for the Christmas Season!

 

Blush Rose Amber Pairfum London Lily Valley

Christmas 3rd of Advent Calendar Candle Fragrance

Perfume Christmas 3rd of Advent Calendar Candle

Christmas Scented 3rd of Advent Calendar Candle

Fragrance Christmas 2nd Advent Calendar Candle

“Love” is the Meaning of the 2nd of Advent

Perfume Christmas 2nd of Advent Calendar Candle

Last Sunday was the 2nd of Advent 2019!

The Advent calendar are 4 candles on an evergreen wreath in a circle, symbolising God’s eternity.

The custom of the Advent calendear as a wreath began around the time of the Martin Luther, the protestant reformer.

Each Sunday during the Advent highlights one of the 4 virtuse of Jesus Christ:

Hope – 1st of Advent

Love – 2nd of Advent

Joy – 3rd of Advent

Peace – Christmas Eve/Day

The exact order and wording varies among the Christian Churches but the lighting of an additional candle each week symbolises the coming of Christ.

Here at Pairfum, we have the perfect candle for the 2nd of Advent:

The Message Candle

It is the perfect candle, if you would like to convey “Love” or say “Thank You” during the pre-Christmas season.

Which of your friends, family or colleagues would you like to send a Personalised Message?

Use the included piece of chalk to write on the side of the candle.

Make it your very own 2nd of Advent candle.

Message Candle Black Orchid

Christmas 2nd of Advent Calendar Candle Fragrance

Christmas 2nd of Advent Calendar Candle Perfume

Christmas 2nd of Advent Calendar Candle Scented

Christmas Scented 2nd of Advent Calendar Candle

How Do You Describe Fragrance

How Do You Describe Perfume?

How Do You Describe Perfume

One of the biggest challenges in perfumery is the continuous question of “How Do You Describe Perfume”.

Our noses can distinguish 1 Trillon different smells but we struggle to articulate the differences, character or nuances of a fragrance.

For this reason, the perfume industry has to a degree developed its own set of words, classification systems and various other aids to help in this task.

Here at Pairfum London we have created a brief introduction into “How Do You Describe Perfume” which we believe is ideal reading during National Fragrance Week.

After reading the article, you will feel much more comfortable with some of the terms you come across in the World of Perfumery.

How Do You Describe Scent

How Do You Describe Perfumery

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